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GBase 8s GDCA 认证培训课前准备

GBase 8a

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物化视图报错：references invalid table(s) or column(s) or function(s) or definer/invoker of view lack rights to use them

01-GBase 8s 事务型数据库 安装与卸载

GBase 8s

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[GBase 8s 教程]GBase 8s 常用函数、表达式

[gbasedbt@gbase8s ~]$ onstat -m Your evaluation license will expire on 2027-05-08 00:00:00 On-Line -- Up 01:56:14 -- 4273732 KbytesMessage Log File: /opt/gbase/etc/online_gbaseserver.log 20:54:09 &nbsp;Checkpoint Statistics - Avg. Txn Block Time 0.000, # Txns blocked 0, Plog used 7, Llog used 221:10:10 &nbsp;Checkpoint Completed: &nbsp;duration was 0 seconds. 21:10:10 &nbsp;Mon May 18 - loguniq 9, logpos 0x6018, timestamp: 0x4d8ba Interval: 11321:10:10 &nbsp;Maximum server connections 0&nbsp; 21:10:10 &nbsp;Checkpoint Statistics - Avg. Txn Block Time 0.000, # Txns blocked 0, Plog used 7, Llog used 221:24:10 &nbsp;Checkpoint Completed: &nbsp;duration was 0 seconds. 21:24:10 &nbsp;Mon May 18 - loguniq 9, logpos 0x8018, timestamp: 0x4d8c6 Interval: 11421:24:10 &nbsp;Maximum server connections 0&nbsp; 21:24:10 &nbsp;Checkpoint Statistics - Avg. Txn Block Time 0.000, # Txns blocked 0, Plog used 7, Llog used 221:38:10 &nbsp;Checkpoint Completed: &nbsp;duration was 0 seconds. 21:38:10 &nbsp;Mon May 18 - loguniq 9, logpos 0xa018, timestamp: 0x4d8d2 Interval: 11521:38:10 &nbsp;Maximum server connections 0&nbsp; 21:38:10 &nbsp;Checkpoint Statistics - Avg. Txn Block Time 0.000, # Txns blocked 0, Plog used 7, Llog used 2 [gbasedbt@gbase8s ~]$ onstat -l Your evaluation license will expire on 2027-05-08 00:00:00 On-Line -- Up 01:56:21 -- 4273732 KbytesPhysical Logging Buffer bufused &nbsp;bufsize &nbsp;numpages &nbsp; numwrits &nbsp; pages/io &nbsp;P-1 &nbsp;0 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;1024 &nbsp; &nbsp; 106 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;9 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;11.78 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;phybegin &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; physize &nbsp; &nbsp;phypos &nbsp; &nbsp; phyused &nbsp; &nbsp;%used &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;3:53 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 99400 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;1042 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 0 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;0.00 &nbsp; &nbsp;Logical Logging Buffer bufused &nbsp;bufsize &nbsp;numrecs &nbsp; &nbsp;numpages &nbsp; numwrits &nbsp; recs/pages pages/io &nbsp;L-1 &nbsp;0 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;512 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;36 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 24 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 24 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 1.5 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;1.0 &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Subsystem &nbsp; &nbsp;numrecs &nbsp; &nbsp;Log Space used &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;OLDRSAM &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;25 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 1092 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;HA &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 11 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 484 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;address &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;number &nbsp; flags &nbsp; &nbsp;uniqid &nbsp; begin &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;size &nbsp; &nbsp; used &nbsp; &nbsp;%used 4d44af88 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 4 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;U-B---- &nbsp;7 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;2:53 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 5000 &nbsp; &nbsp; 4143 &nbsp; &nbsp;82.86 4e763970 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 5 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;U-B---- &nbsp;8 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;2:5053 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 5000 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;3 &nbsp; &nbsp; 0.06 4e7639d8 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 6 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;U---C-L &nbsp;9 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;2:10053 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;5000 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 12 &nbsp; &nbsp; 0.24 4e763a40 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 7 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;A------ &nbsp;0 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;2:15053 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;5000 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;0 &nbsp; &nbsp; 0.00 4e763aa8 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 8 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;A------ &nbsp;0 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;2:20053 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;5000 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;0 &nbsp; &nbsp; 0.00 4e763b10 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 9 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;A------ &nbsp;0 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;2:25053 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;5000 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;0 &nbsp; &nbsp; 0.00 4e763b78 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 10 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; A------ &nbsp;0 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;2:30053 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;5000 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;0 &nbsp; &nbsp; 0.00 4e763be0 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 11 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; A------ &nbsp;0 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;2:35053 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;5000 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;0 &nbsp; &nbsp; 0.00 4e763c48 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 12 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; A------ &nbsp;0 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;2:40053 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;5000 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;0 &nbsp; &nbsp; 0.00 4e763cb0 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 13 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; A------ &nbsp;0 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;2:45053 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;5000 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;0 &nbsp; &nbsp; 0.00 4e763d18 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 14 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; A------ &nbsp;0 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;2:50053 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;5000 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;0 &nbsp; &nbsp; 0.00 4e763d80 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 15 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; A------ &nbsp;0 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;2:55053 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;5000 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;0 &nbsp; &nbsp; 0.00 4e763de8 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 16 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; A------ &nbsp;0 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;2:60053 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;5000 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;0 &nbsp; &nbsp; 0.00 4e763e50 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 17 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; A------ &nbsp;0 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;2:65053 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;5000 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;0 &nbsp; &nbsp; 0.00 4e763eb8 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 18 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; A------ &nbsp;0 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;2:70053 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;5000 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;0 &nbsp; &nbsp; 0.00 4e763f20 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 19 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; A------ &nbsp;0 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;2:75053 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;5000 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;0 &nbsp; &nbsp; 0.00 4e763f88 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 20 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; A------ &nbsp;0 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;2:80053 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;5000 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;0 &nbsp; &nbsp; 0.00 4d117f30 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 21 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; A------ &nbsp;0 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;2:85053 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;5000 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;0 &nbsp; &nbsp; 0.00 4d117f98 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 22 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; A------ &nbsp;0 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;2:90053 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;5000 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;0 &nbsp; &nbsp; 0.00 4d1e6f30 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 23 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; A------ &nbsp;0 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;2:95053 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;5000 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;0 &nbsp; &nbsp; 0.00 20 active, 20 total &nbsp;<h2 style="margin-left:0px;">一、先进行日志区分</h2><h2 style="margin-left:0px;">1. 物理日志</h2>在哪里看到？<code>onstat -l</code> 最上面一段：<pre><code class="language-plaintext">Physical Logging
</code></pre>&nbsp;是什么？= 回滚日志（UNDO）干什么用？事务没提交、数据库宕机 → 把数据恢复成修改前的样子你现在状态：使用率 0% → 非常空闲、无压力<hr><h2 style="margin-left:0px;">2. 逻辑日志</h2>在哪里看到？<code>onstat -l</code> 下半部分一大串列表：<pre><code class="language-plaintext">number flags uniqid size used %used
4 U-B---- 7 5000 4143 82.86
5 U-B---- 8 5000 3 0.06
6 U---C-L 9 5000 12 0.24
...
</code></pre>&nbsp;是什么？= 事务日志（REDO）干什么用？记录所有增删改操作，用于：<ul><li>崩溃恢复</li><li>备份</li><li>归档（防止日志爆盘）你现在状态：20 个日志文件，只有 3 个在用，其余空闲 → 空间充足但：未开启归档</li></ul><hr><h2 style="margin-left:0px;">3. 在线日志（= 告警日志 / 消息日志）</h2>在哪里看到？<code>onstat -m</code> 显示：<pre><code class="language-plaintext">Message Log File: /opt/gbase/etc/online_gbaseserver.log
</code></pre>&nbsp;是什么？= 数据库运行记录、报警、事件日志 ，这个和其他数据库不一样，其他数据库在线日志，一般指的是redo log ,但GBASE8S这里，确是指记录报警日志等。有点迷惑性。干什么用？记录：<ul><li>检查点</li><li>启动 / 关闭</li><li>报错、警告</li><li>连接数你现在状态：全是正常检查点，无任何错误，数据库非常健康</li></ul><hr><h2 style="margin-left:0px;">二、一眼区分</h2><h3 style="margin-left:0px;">✅ <code>onstat -l</code> 上半部分</h3>= 物理日志（回滚）<h3 style="margin-left:0px;">✅ <code>onstat -l</code> 下半部分一大串文件</h3>= 逻辑日志（事务）<h3 style="margin-left:0px;">✅ <code>onstat -m</code> 显示的那个 log 文件</h3>= 在线日志（报警 / 消息）<hr><h2 style="margin-left:0px;">三、最简单记忆口诀</h2><ol><li>物理日志 = 回滚用（UNDO）</li><li>逻辑日志 = 记事务（REDO）</li><li>在线日志 = 报错误（alert.log）</li></ol><hr><h2 style="margin-left:0px;">四、当前环境真实状态总结</h2><ul><li>物理日志：空闲、健康</li><li>逻辑日志：数量充足、健康，但未开归档</li><li>在线日志：无报错、全正常、数据库很安静</li></ul>

透过案例搞明白GBASE8S中的物理日志，逻辑日志，在线日志的区别

透过案例搞明白GBASE8S中的物理日志，逻辑日志，在线日志的区别

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